Basal Bark Treatment of Imidacloprid for Hemlock Woolly Adelgids (<i>Adelges tsugae</i>)

Abstract

Hemlock wooly adelgid (Adelgis tsugae Annand) (HWA) has invaded much of eastern hemlock’s (Tsugae canadensis L. Carrière) native range. Arborists and forest managers have successfully handled this pest using either contact or systemic pesticides. One of these pesticides, imidacloprid, has often been applied using a soil or trunk injection. Although imidacloprid has been labeled as a basal bark spray to control HWA, minimal information regarding its efficacy is available. This study compared bark treatments to soil treatment of imidacloprid at high and low application rates, as well as the use of a bark adjuvant. The results showed that basal bark treatments were as effective as soil treatments. Hence, basal bark treatments of imidacloprid can be an effective method for control of HWAs in eastern hemlock trees. A bark adjuvant may not be necessary, as it was not found to influence the amount of imidacloprid in the tissues.

Keywords

• basal bark application
• bark sprays
• hemlock woolly adelgid
• integrated pest management