Pharmaceuticals (Oct 2018)

Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease, the Impact of Anaemia

  • Faisal Nuhu,
  • Sunil Bhandari

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/ph11040103
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 4
p. 103

Abstract

Read online

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of risk factors such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), oxidative stress, and inflammation. The presence of anaemia in CKD further increases the risk of LVH and oxidative stress, thereby magnifying the deleterious consequence in uraemic cardiomyopathy (UCM), and aggravating progression to failure and increasing the risk of sudden cardiac death. This short review highlights the specific cardio-renal oxidative stress in CKD and provides an understanding of the pathophysiology and impact of uraemic toxins, inflammation, and anaemia on oxidative stress.

Keywords