A Case Report of Extramedullary Myeloma Mimicking Lymphoma with Extensive Abdominal Involvement

Abstract

Extramedullary myeloma refers to the presence of myeloma deposits outside the skeletal system and typically indicates a poor prognosis associated with shorter overall survival and progression-free survival. We report a case of extramedullary myeloma with extensive, abdominal multi-organ involvement mimicking lymphoma at initial diagnosis. Bulky retroperitoneal masses with severe diffusion restriction and patency of encased vessels can be MR findings of both myeloma and lymphoma. Radiologic findings such as arterial hyperenhancement, obstructive uropathy, and the lack of associated lymphadenopathy may favor a diagnosis of myeloma over lymphoma.

Keywords

• multiple myeloma
• extramedullary myeloid cell tumor
• plasma cell myeloma
• lymphoma
• magnetic resonance imaging