Association of the magnitude of the difference in blood pressure between office and ambulatory measurements with blood pressure variability in untreated individuals

Abstract

Abstract Objectives We evaluated the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the magnitude of the difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP) between office and ambulatory measurements (masked effect) in untreated individuals without apparent hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD). Methods The inclusion criteria were 1) age ≥ 20 years, 2) blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg at the outpatient clinic, and 3) not receiving antihypertensive medications. The difference between office and ambulatory SBP was calculated by subtracting the ambulatory daytime SBP from the office SBP. The association between the masked effect and SBP variability was analyzed in individuals without HMOD (no electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio -5 mmHg exhibited a higher SD and cv of 24-h SBP than those with a negative SBP difference ≤ -5 mmHg or a positive SBP difference. Conclusions The results of our study suggest that the magnitude of the negative difference in office and ambulatory SBP may be a potential risk factor, even in individuals without apparent HMOD. Trial registration This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT03855605 ).

Keywords

• Blood pressure
• Hypertension
• Masked effect
• Risk