The pivotal roles of the host immune response in the fine-tuning the infection and the development of the vaccines for SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

SARS-CoV2 infection induces various degrees of infections ranging from asymptomatic to severe cases and death. Virus/host interplay contributes substantially to these outcomes. This highlights the potential roles of the host immune system in fighting virus infections. SARS-CoV-2. We highlighted the potential roles of host immune response in the modulation of the outcomes of SARS-CoV infections. The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 mutants complicated the control and mitigation strategies measures. We are highlighting the current progress of some already deployed vaccines worldwide as well as those still in the pipelines. Recent studies from the large ongoing global vaccination campaign are showing promising results in reducing the hospitality rates as well as the number of severe SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Careful monitoring of the genetic changes of the virus should be practiced. This is to prepare some highly sensitive diagnostic assays as well as to prepare some homologous vaccines matching the circulating strains in the future.

Keywords

• covid-19
• sars-cov-2
• immune response
• innate immunity
• adaptive immunity
• immune evasion
• escape mutation
• vaccines