Spontaneous closure of a chronic full thickness macular hole after failed surgery

Abstract

Purpose: To describe an unusual case of spontaneous closure of a chronic, large, idiopathic, stage 4 macular hole after failed surgery. Observations: A 75-year-old female presented with a history of a chronic, full thickness macular hole after failed surgery in the right eye. Two years after onset, she developed a fibrotic scar, which closed the macular hole and unexpectedly improved her vision. At her 4 year follow up exam, optical coherence tomography demonstrated a stable, closed macular hole with continued improvement in her visual acuity despite lack of surgical and medical intervention. Conclusions and importance: The spontaneous closure of an idiopathic full thickness macular hole is an unusual event. When it occurs, it is typically in an acute setting and is attributed to bridging retinal tissue, vitreofoveal separation, and a small diameter size. In this report, we show that a chronic, large break, that failed prior surgical intervention, can spontaneously close. The formation of an underlying fibrotic scar from type 1 neovascularization bridged the macular hole and improved her visual acuity. Keywords: Idiopathic macular hole, Spontaneous closure, Optical coherence tomography, Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, Type 1 neovascularization