Effect of Pharmacist Audit on Antibiotic Duration for Pneumonia and Urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effect of clinical pharmacists in daily audits, under the direction of an antimicrobial stewardship program, of antibiotic treatment durations for the common inpatient disease states of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and urinary tract infection (UTI). Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective single-center cohort study that evaluated the difference in the duration of antibiotic therapy for CAP or non–catheter-associated UTI of hospitalized patients who received a daily audit by clinical pharmacists compared with patients who did not receive a daily audit. Retrospective chart review included randomly selected hospitalized patients diagnosed with CAP or UTI during preaudit and postaudit periods. Results: The preaudit group had 64 patients; and the postaudit group, 51 patients. The therapy duration was 7 days in the preaudit group and 6 days in the postaudit group (P=.55). Fluoroquinolone use was reduced in the postaudit group and was significantly less than in the preaudit group (24 [37.5%] vs 7 [13.7%]; P=.007). Conclusion: The daily audits of clinical pharmacists may be an effective method to reduce the duration of antibiotic therapy and are effective in the reduction of fluoroquinolone use. Additional studies must be done to further investigate the effects of clinical pharmacist antimicrobial stewardship efforts.