Comparing Performance of Volleyball Players and Non Sport Practing People on Volluntary and Automatic Orienting Visual Attention Tasks: An Exploratory Study

Abstract

Attention is the selection of information to improve central nervous system functioning. In this study, reaction times (RT) of 6 volleyball players and 6 non sports practitioners were compared during voluntary and automatic orienting of attention tasks. In Experiment I (voluntary) a central fixation point (FP) appeared and after 700 ms a central cue (valid, invalid or neutral) indicating to the left or to the right. After 300, 500 or 800 ms the target flashed. In Experiment II (automatic), after 700 ms a peripheral cue appeared and after 100 or 800 ms the target appeared on the same or the opposite cue position. Subjects responded by pressing a joystick key. Median RT for each condition were used in Anova. The analysis of Experiment I demonstrated that volleyball players were faster than non sports practitioners (p < 0.05), differently of Experiment II (p = 0.36). These results indicate that volleyball players had better performance on voluntary attentional tasks.

Keywords

• attention
• reaction time
• automatic orienting
• voluntary orienting
• volleyball