Has the Toxicity of Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems Been Assessed?

Abstract

Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems (THEDESs) are a mixture of components, including an active pharmaceutical ingredient, that have recently emerged because of their interesting properties for drug therapies. In general, they have been recognized to increase the solubility and permeability of some drugs, and consequently, their bioavailability. Moreover, they have also been used for novel formulations of pharmaceuticals. Despite the potential benefits of THEDESs, concerns about their safety and toxicity remain. In this review, we summarize previous studies that have investigated the toxicity of THEDESs. These studies evaluate the toxicity of THEDESs using various methods, including cell cultures, animal models, and human trials. The results of previous findings suggest that THEDESs are generally well-tolerated and have low toxicity. However, further research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of these systems on human health and to identify any potential adverse effects.

Keywords

• eutectic
• cytotoxicity
• cell viability
• gene expression
• animal models
• human therapeutics