Learning curve of fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided tracheal intubation through supraglottic airway device for pediatric airway management: a manikin study

Abstract

Background Although fiberoptic-guided endotracheal intubation using a supraglottic airway device (SAD) is a good alternative for the management of difficult airways, its learning curve for residents has not been evaluated in pediatric patients. We aimed to train residents using a pediatric manikin and obtain learning curves to evaluate the efficiency of the training. Methods We conducted a single-armed prospective study with anesthesiology residents. Plain endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation guided by a fiberoptic bronchoscope through Ambu® AuraGainTM was demonstrated in a pediatric manikin to the participants before training. The procedure was divided into four steps: SAD insertion, vocal cord identification, carina identification, and ETT insertion into the trachea. The results and elapsed procedure times of each trial were recorded. The learning curves for the participants were constructed and analyzed using the cumulative sum method. Results All the 30 participants acquired proficiency at the end of practice between eight and 25 trials. The overall success rate for the procedure was 92.8%, and above 80% for all participants. Mean ± standard deviation procedure time was 71.3 ± 50.7 s. The 4th step accounted for 86.2% and 48.0% of the total failures and procedure time, respectively. The procedure time rapidly decreased in the 2nd trial; a modest decline was observed thereafter. Conclusions Trainees can obtain proficiency for fiberoptic-guided intubation through SAD within 25 times when using pediatric manikin. Effect of the training on performance in actual clinical situation should be studied.

Keywords

• airway management
• bronchoscopy
• child
• intratracheal intubation
• laryngeal masks
• learning curve