Mechanism of changes of peripheral neuromuscular endings of the tongues of rats with experimental streptozotocyn diabetes mellitus

Abstract

This paper presents the characteristics of dynamics of morphological changes of neuromuscular endings of the tongues of rats with experimentally induced streptozotocin diabetes mellitus. The hysto-ultrastructural research showed pathomorphological changes in different periods of the experimental diabetes mellitus. The patterns of these changes indicate the close interrelation between neuromuscular endings and elements of muscular tissues. During experimental streptozotocin diabetes mellitus, there occured interconnected structural changes of muscle fibers, myelin nerve fibers and the microcirculatory channel of the tongue with damage to the neuromuscular endings. In the dynamics of the diabetic process, three phases were distinguished: the phase of reactive-dystrophic changes with maximum severity two weeks after the beginning of the experimental modeling of streptozotocin diabetes mellitus; the phase of destructive-dystrophic processes, which began after the fourth week from the beginning of the modeling of experimental streptozotocin diabetes; the degenerative-destructive phase, which developed after the sixth week of the experiment. The dynamics of changes in the neuromuscular endings are also related to the duration of diabetes mellitus, they occur in two stages: in the first stage (up to 4 weeks) reactive processes were observed, in the second (6–8 weeks) – dystrophic processes. The uneven degree of their manifestation is related to the reaction of the microcirculatory channel of neuromuscular endings and composition of the tongue muscles. The greatest sensitivity to hyperglycemia was observed in muscle fibers of the intermediate type.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus
• neuro-muscle endings
• tongue