A Methodology of Sensor Fault-Tolerant Control on a Hierarchical Control for Hybrid Microgrids

Abstract

This study develops a new Sensor Fault-Tolerant methodology for two-level Centralized Hierarchical Control of isolated microgrids based on a modified Kalman filter algorithm. The main objective is to increase the reliability and safety margins of isolated smart microgrids in the presence of different sensor faults on the secondary control. Consequently, Sensor Fault-Tolerant control reduces the costs because costly redundant hardware is not required. Because of its low computing effort, speed, ease of implementation, and tuning, this method can be used in more complex control configurations, multiple sensor faults, and different hierarchical control levels. The designed Sensor Fault-Tolerant Hierarchical Control System was initially proposed for a grid-forming topology of single-phase BESSs systems connected in cascade to the microgrid. The implemented fault tolerance methodology can maintain control objectives with sensor faults. Consequently, the MG’s voltage at the time of the fault does not exceed 5%, and the voltage unbalance at the common coupling point or on the critical bus is compensated to a quality reference value of less than 2%. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested using the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform.

Keywords

• Fault diagnosis
• fault tolerant control
• hierarchical system
• microgrids
• resilience