Heliyon (Jan 2024)

Association between CT-based adipose variables, preoperative blood biochemical indicators and pathological T stage of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

  • Zehua Sun,
  • Yumei Zhang,
  • Yuanhao Xia,
  • Xinru Ba,
  • Qingyin Zheng,
  • Jing Liu,
  • Xiaojing Kuang,
  • Haizhu Xie,
  • Peiyou Gong,
  • Yinghong Shi,
  • Ning Mao,
  • Yongtao Wang,
  • Ming Liu,
  • Chao Ran,
  • Chenchen Wang,
  • Xiaoni Wang,
  • Min Li,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Zishuo Fang,
  • Wanchen Liu,
  • Hao Guo,
  • Heng Ma,
  • Yang Song

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 2
p. e24456

Abstract

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Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is corelated with tumor-associated material (TAM), coagulation system and adipocyte tissue, but the relationships between them have been inconsistent. Our study aimed to explore the cut-off intervals of variables that are non-linearly related to ccRCC pathological T stage for providing clues to understand these discrepancies, and to effectively preoperative risk stratification. Methods: This retrospective analysis included 218 ccRCC patients with a clear pathological T stage between January 1st, 2014, and November 30th, 2021. The patients were categorized into two cohorts based on their pathological T stage: low T stage (T1 and T2) and high T stage (T3 and T4). Abdominal and perirenal fat variables were measured based on preoperative CT images. Blood biochemical indexes from the last time before surgery were also collected. The generalized sum model was used to identify cut-off intervals for nonlinear variables. Results: In specific intervals, fibrinogen levels (FIB) (2.63–4.06 g/L) and platelet (PLT) counts (>200.34 × 109/L) were significantly positively correlated with T stage, while PLT counts (<200.34 × 109/L) were significantly negatively correlated with T stage. Additionally, tumor-associated material exhibited varying degrees of positive correlation with T stage at different cut-off intervals (cut-off value: 90.556 U/mL). Conclusion: Preoperative PLT, FIB and TAM are nonlinearly related to pathological T stage. This study is the first to provide specific cut-off intervals for preoperative variables that are nonlinearly related to ccRCC T stage. These intervals can aid in the risk stratification of ccRCC patients before surgery, allowing for developing a more personalized treatment planning.

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