Problemi Ekonomiki (Jun 2018)
Intellectual Capital as a Basis for Developing Competencies of a Trade Enterprise
Abstract
The aim of the article is to substantiate the economic essence, structure and features of the formation of intellectual capital (IC) as the organizational and economic basis for developing competencies of a trade enterprise. The essence of IC as an economic category and its role in the knowledge economy are analyzed. It is proposed to understand the essence of IC as a means of creating new value in an enterprise through the use of intellectual resources, which in turn contain intellectual capital, intellectual labor and intellectual products as a means of production. The place and importance of IC in developing competencies of domestic trade enterprises are substantiated. There given the author’s interpretation of the essence of IC of a trade enterprise, by which it is proposed to understand the aggregate of accumulated individual and collective, real and hidden knowledge, the level of competence, involvement and motivation of the personnel, the development of information and communication networks, and the results of the implementation of intellectual activity used by the enterprise to ensure its competitive advantages and profitability in the market. The structure of IC of a trade enterprise is studied and schematically constructed; the main features of human capital (at the level of an individual), structural (at the level of the organization) and consumer one (at the level of functional groups) are characterized. There identified the main characteristics of IC of a trade enterprise by features of depreciation of certain components, liquidity, contradictions in the modern practice of assessment and accounting, as well as features of synergistic interaction of its elements. Socio-economic trends in the innovative development of trade enterprises in Ukraine are outlined, among which the popularization of e-commerce, including the use of retail mobile applications by Ukrainian consumers, is decisive. There suggested the directions for developing IC of trade enterprises, the most promising being the increase in the level of competence of employees in the process of their group and individual training. The need for further studies of the mechanism for managing IC of trade enterprises as the basis for developing their competencies is substantiated.
