Endoscopic ultrasound-guided vascular interventions: An overview of current and emerging techniques

Abstract

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‑guided therapeutic interventions have expanded over recent years, especially in the field of endovascular therapy. EUS-guided vascular techniques were developed primarily as less invasive alternatives to surgical and radiological interventions. EUS allows precise vascular access and therapy by providing high-resolution, real-time imaging of the abdominal and mediastinal vascular structures from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract. This review provides an overview of current and emerging EUS-guided vascular interventions, including management of variceal and nonvariceal GI bleeding, EUS‑guided portal vein interventions, and EUS‑guided cardiac and pulmonary vascular access.

Keywords

• endoscopy
• gastrointestinal; endosonography; portal vein; radiology
• interventional