Peculiarities of the Psychological Component in the Archery Long-Term Training System in Different Countries (Review)

Abstract

The objective is analysis and evaluation of the psychological training component in the long-term archery training system in different countries at the present sport development stage. Materials and methods. Theoretical review of scientific and educational sources, their systematization, comparison, and results generalization were done. Through the Internet search engines Web of Science, Google Scholar and Google, scientific and educational publications were searched for "archery" and "psychological training" in different languages: Ukrainian, English, Korean, Italian, Russian, German, French. 90 sources were found, of which 65 were relevant to the subject. Results. Only in archery psychological training is not allocated to a separate type of long-term training for complex coordination sports in Ukraine. In all countries that were winners of the last Olympic Games, psychological training has been systematically introduced into the sport training of archers. Ukraine, where psychological training has not been implemented, was the last to win in 2008. Archery is a sport that differs significantly from others in monotony, subtle, slow, and low motor activity, as well as contradictions in physiological reserves management, including energy, which must be mobilized without a significant increase in heart rate and sweating. Archers face specific psychological problems, namely, "target panic". The key psychological qualities that are in demand in archery involve "4C" complex – Control, Challenge, Commitment and Confidence, and mastery of coping strategies to overcome aversive states in sports. Also important is the development of various attention types. Psychological assistance to an archer should include proven methods of cognitive and emotional control skills training. Conclusions. The development of psychological training component can help to improve results of Ukrainian national archery teams, and it is important to include it in the sport’s training plan at all stages of athlete’s long-term training.

Keywords

• archery
• psychological training
• stages of long-term training
• athletes
• psychological interventions