Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease (Jun 2022)

Risk Burden of Coronary Perforation in Chronic Total Occlusion Recanalization: Latin American CTO Registry Analysis

  • Marcelo Harada Ribeiro,
  • Carlos M. Campos,
  • Lucio Padilla,
  • Antonio Carlos B. da Silva,
  • João Eduardo T. de Paula,
  • Marco Alcantara,
  • Ricardo Santiago,
  • Franklin Hanna,
  • Franciele R. da Silva,
  • Karlyse C. Belli,
  • Lorenzo Azzalini,
  • Pedro P. de Oliveira,
  • Gustavo N. Araujo,
  • Vincenzo Sucato,
  • Kambis Mashayekhi,
  • Alfredo R. Galassi,
  • Alexandre Abizaid,
  • Alexandre Quadros

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.121.024815
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11, no. 11

Abstract

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Background Coronary perforation is a life‐threatening complication of acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTO), but data on midterm outcomes are limited. Methods and Results Data from LATAM (Latin American)‐CTO Registry (57 centers; 9 countries) were analyzed. We assessed the risk of 30‐day, 1‐year major adverse cardiac events of coronary perforation using time‐to‐event and weighted composite end point analysis having CTO PCI without perforation as comparators. Additionally, we studied the independent predictors of perforation in these patients. Of 2054 patients who underwent CTO PCI between 2015 and 2018, the median Multicenter CTO Registry in Japan and Prospective Global Registry for the Study of Chronic Total Occlusion Intervention‐Chronic total occlusions scores were 2.0 (1.0–3.0) and 1.0 (0.0–2.0), respectively. The perforation rate was 3.7%, of which 55% were Ellis class 1. After 1‐year coronary perforation had higher major adverse cardiac events rates (24.9% versus 13.3%; P<0.01). Using weighted composite end point, perforation was associated with increased bleeding and ischemic events at 6 months (P=0.04) and 1 year (P<0.01). We found as independent predictors associated with coronary perforation during CTO PCI: maximum activated clotting time (P<0.01), Multicenter CTO Registry in Japan score ≥2 (P=0.05), antegrade knuckle wire (P=0.04), and right coronary artery CTO PCI (P=0.05). Conclusions Coronary perforation was infrequent and associated with anatomical and procedural complexity, resulting in higher risk of hemorrhagic and ischemic events. Landmark and weighted analysis showed a sustained burden of major events between 6 months and 1 year follow‐up.

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