PLoS ONE (Jan 2018)

PCV13 vaccination impact: A multicenter study of pneumonia in 10 pediatric hospitals in Argentina.

  • Angela Gentile,
  • Julia Bakir,
  • Verónica Firpo,
  • Enrique V Casanueva,
  • Gabriela Ensinck,
  • Santiago Lopez Papucci,
  • María F Lución,
  • Hector Abate,
  • Aldo Cancellara,
  • Fabiana Molina,
  • Andrea Gajo Gane,
  • Alfredo M Caruso,
  • Alejandro Santillán Iturres,
  • Sofía Fossati,
  • Working Group

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199989
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 7
p. e0199989

Abstract

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INTRODUCTION:In 2012, PCV13 was introduced into the National Immunization Program in Argentina, 2+1 schedule for children <2 years. Coverage rates for 1st and 3rd doses were 69% and 41.0% in 2012, 98% and 86% in 2013; 99% and 89% in 2014, respectively. The aims of this study were to evaluate impact of PCV13 on Consolidated Pneumonia (CP) and Pneumococcal Pneumonia (PP) burden, and to describe epidemiological-clinical pattern of PP during the three-year period following vaccine introduction. METHODS:Hospital-based study at 10 pediatric surveillance units in Argentina. CP and PP discharge rates per 10,000 hospital discharges were compared between the pre-vaccination period 2007-2011 (preVp), the year of intervention (2012) and the post-vaccination period 2013-2014 (postVp). RESULTS:Significant reduction in CP and PP discharge rates was observed in patients <5 years [% reduction (95%CI)]: 10.2% (6.3; 14.0) in 2012 and 24.8% (21.3; 28.2) in postVp for CP discharge rate; 59.5% (48.0; 68.5) in 2012 and 68.8% (58.3; 76.6) in postVp for PP discharge rate. Significant changes were also observed in children ≥5 years, mainly in PP discharge rate. A total of 297 PP cases were studied; 59.3% male; 31.3% <2 years; 42.9% had received PCV13 in 2012 and 84.5% in posVp. Case fatality rate was 3.4%. PCV13 serotypes decreased from 83.0% (39/47) in 2012 to 64.2% (52/81) in postVp, p = 0.039. CONCLUSIONS:After PCV13 introduction, significant reduction in CP and PP discharge rates was observed in hospitalized children <5 years. In patients ≥5 years, PP discharge rate also decreased significantly.