World Journal of Pediatric Surgery (Jan 2023)

Factors associated with mortality in congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract in a tertiary center in Senegal

  • Florent Tshibwid A Zeng,
  • Papa Alassane Mbaye,
  • Doudou Gueye,
  • Ndèye Fatou Seck,
  • Ibrahima Bocar Wellé,
  • Rosalie Niang,
  • Youssouph Diedhiou,
  • Mbaye Fall,
  • Ndèye Aby Ndoye,
  • Aloïse Sagna,
  • Oumar Ndour,
  • Gabriel Ngom

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1136/wjps-2022-000463
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 6, no. 1

Abstract

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Objective Patients with congenital malformations (CMs) of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) have a very high mortality. However, the literature on the factors associated with mortality in these patients is scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study is to identify independent risk factors for mortality in patients with CMs of the GIT at our pediatric surgical department.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of cases with CMs of the GIT managed at a tertiary center from 2018 to 2021. Patients were subdivided into two groups based on the outcomes, and variables with a significant difference were analyzed by logistic regression.Results Our review included 226 patients, 63 of whom died (27.88%). Patient age ranged from 0 to 15 years. Taking into account statistical significance, mortality was more frequent in neonates than in older patients (57.30% vs 6.15%), in patients coming out of the Dakar area than in those from the Dakar area (43.75% vs 19.18%), in patients with abnormal prenatal ultrasound than in those with normal ultrasound (100% vs 26.67%), in premature children than in those born at term (78.57% vs 21.87%), in patients with an additional malformation than in those with an isolated malformation (69.23% vs 25.35%), and in those with intestinal, esophageal, duodenal and colonic atresia than in those with other diagnoses (100%, 89%, 56.25% and 50%, respectively). Referred patients died more than those who changed hospitals or came from home (55.29% vs 25% and 9.09%, respectively). On multivariable logistic regression, two independent factors of mortality were identified: presence of associated malformation [odds ratio (OR)=13.299; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.370 to 129.137] and diagnosis of esophageal atresia (OR=46.529; 95% CI 5.828 to 371.425).Conclusion The presence of an associated malformation or diagnosis of esophageal atresia increases mortality in patients with CMs of the GIT in our environment.