Conditioning Program Prescribed from the External Training Load Corresponding to the Lactate Threshold Improved Cardiac Function in Healthy Dogs
Alejandro Zamora Restan,
Aparecido Antonio Camacho,
Evandro Zacché,
Raphaela Arantes Marques Canola,
Samara Beretta Gomes Silva,
Jaislane Bastos Braz,
Jorge Cardoso da Silva-Filho,
Juliana Aparecida Cerqueira,
Bruna Agy Loureiro,
Michelli Inacio Gonçalves Funnicelli,
Daniel Guariz Pinheiro,
Guilherme Camargo Ferraz
Affiliations
Alejandro Zamora Restan
Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Equine Exercise Physiology (LAFEQ), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Aparecido Antonio Camacho
Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Evandro Zacché
Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Raphaela Arantes Marques Canola
Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Samara Beretta Gomes Silva
Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Equine Exercise Physiology (LAFEQ), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Jaislane Bastos Braz
Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Jorge Cardoso da Silva-Filho
Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Juliana Aparecida Cerqueira
Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Equine Exercise Physiology (LAFEQ), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Bruna Agy Loureiro
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Paraiba 58051-900, Brazil
Michelli Inacio Gonçalves Funnicelli
Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Daniel Guariz Pinheiro
Department of Agricultural, Livestock and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
Guilherme Camargo Ferraz
Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Equine Exercise Physiology (LAFEQ), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil
This research focuses on the adjustments in systolic and diastolic functions that are not fully understood in dogs submitted to athletic training. Beagle dogs carried out an endurance training program (ETP) prescribed from the external training load, corresponding to 70–80% of the lactate threshold (VLT) velocity. Eighteen dogs were randomly assigned to two groups: control (C, n = 8), active dogs that did not perform any forced exercise, and trained (T, n = 10), submitted to the ETP during eight weeks. All dogs were evaluated before and after the ETP period using two-dimensional echocardiography, M-mode, Doppler, and two-dimensional speckle tracking. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the echocardiographic variables was performed. The ETP improved the left ventricular internal dimension at the end of diastole (LVDd), the left ventricular internal dimension at the end of diastole to aorta ratio (LVDd: Ao), and the strain rate indices. PCA was able to capture the dimensionality and qualitative echocardiography changes produced by the ETP. These findings indicated that the training prescribed based on the lactate threshold improved the diastolic and systolic functions. This response may be applied to improve myocardial function, promote health, and mitigate any injuries produced during heart failure.