Cosmography with the Double-source-plane Strong Gravitational Lens AGEL150745+052256

Nandini Sahu; Anowar J. Shajib; Kim-Vy Tran; Hannah Skobe; Sunny Rhoades; Tucker Jones; Karl Glazebrook; Thomas E. Collett; Sherry H. Suyu; Keerthi Vasan G. C.; Tania M. Barone; Duncan J. Bowden; Daniel Ballard; Glenn G. Kacprzak; Sarah M. Sweet; Geraint F. Lewis; Themiya Nanayakkara

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adf442

The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2025)

Cosmography with the Double-source-plane Strong Gravitational Lens AGEL150745+052256

Nandini Sahu,
Anowar J. Shajib,
Kim-Vy Tran,
Hannah Skobe,
Sunny Rhoades,
Tucker Jones,
Karl Glazebrook,
Thomas E. Collett,
Sherry H. Suyu,
Keerthi Vasan G. C.,
Tania M. Barone,
Duncan J. Bowden,
Daniel Ballard,
Glenn G. Kacprzak,
Sarah M. Sweet,
Geraint F. Lewis,
Themiya Nanayakkara

Affiliations

Nandini Sahu: ORCiD; Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; University of New South Wales , NSW 2052, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia
Anowar J. Shajib: ORCiD; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Center for Astronomy, Space Science and Astrophysics, Independent University , Bangladesh, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
Kim-Vy Tran: ORCiD; Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia
Hannah Skobe: Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637, USA; McWilliams Center for Cosmology and Astrophysics, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
Sunny Rhoades: ORCiD; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Tucker Jones: ORCiD; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Karl Glazebrook: ORCiD; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia; Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
Thomas E. Collett: ORCiD; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Burnaby Rd, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK
Sherry H. Suyu: ORCiD; Technical University of Munich , TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
Keerthi Vasan G. C.: ORCiD; The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
Tania M. Barone: ORCiD; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia; Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW, Australia
Duncan J. Bowden: ORCiD; Center for Astrophysics , Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; [email protected]; School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Daniel Ballard: ORCiD; Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia
Glenn G. Kacprzak: ORCiD; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia; Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
Sarah M. Sweet: ORCiD; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia; School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
Geraint F. Lewis: ORCiD; Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia
Themiya Nanayakkara: ORCiD; Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adf442
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 991, no. 1
p. 72

Abstract

Read online

Strong gravitational lenses with two background sources at widely separated redshifts are a promising independent probe of cosmological parameters. We can use these systems, known as double-source-plane lenses (DSPLs), to measure the ratio ( β ) of angular-diameter distances of the sources, which is sensitive to the matter density (Ω _m ) and the equation-of-state parameter for dark-energy ( w ). However, DSPLs are rare and require high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy for detection, lens modeling, and measuring β . Here, we report only the second DSPL ever used to measure cosmological parameters. We model the DSPL AGEL 150745+052256 from the ASTRO 3D Galaxy Evolution with Lenses ( AGEL ) survey using Hubble Space Telescope/Wide-Field Camera 3 imaging and Keck Cosmic Web Imager spectroscopy. The spectroscopic redshifts for the deflector and two sources in AGEL 1507 are z _defl = 0.594, z _S1 = 2.163, and z _S2 = 2.591. We measure a stellar velocity dispersion of σ _obs = 109 ± 27 km s ^−1 for the nearer source (S1). Using σ _obs for the main deflector (from literature) and S1, we test the robustness of our DSPL model. We measure $\beta =0.95{3}_{-0.010}^{+0.008}$ for AGEL 1507 and infer Ω _m $=\,0.3{3}_{-0.23}^{+0.38}$ for ΛCDM cosmology. Combining AGEL 1507 with the published model of the Jackpot lens improves the precision on Ω _m (ΛCDM) and w ( w CDM) by ∼10%. The inclusion of DSPLs significantly improves the constraints when combined with Planck’s cosmic microwave background observations, enhancing the precision on w by 30%. This paper demonstrates the potential constraining power of DSPLs and their complementarity to other standard cosmological probes. Tighter future constraints from larger DSPL samples discovered from ongoing and forthcoming large-area sky surveys would provide insights into the nature of dark energy.

Published in The Astrophysical Journal

ISSN: 1538-4357 (Online)
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Science: Astronomy: Astrophysics
Website: https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0004-637X

About the journal

Abstract

Keywords