Assessment of the Multiannual Impact of the Grape Training System on GHG Emissions in North Tajikistan
Naim Rashidov,
Maciej Chowaniak,
Marcin Niemiec,
Gulov Saidali Mamurovich,
Masaidov Jamshed Gufronovich,
Zofia Gródek-Szostak,
Anna Szeląg-Sikora,
Jakub Sikora,
Maciej Kuboń,
Monika Komorowska
Affiliations
Naim Rashidov
Department of Food Products and Agrotechnology, Polytechnical Institute of Tajik Technical University by Academician M.S. Osimi in Khujand, Lenin St. 226, Khujand 735700, Tajikistan
Maciej Chowaniak
Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
Marcin Niemiec
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
Gulov Saidali Mamurovich
Department of Horticulture and Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tajik Agrarian University Named after Shirinsho Shotemur, Rudaki Avenue 146, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan
Masaidov Jamshed Gufronovich
Department of Food Products and Agrotechnology, Polytechnical Institute of Tajik Technical University by Academician M.S. Osimi in Khujand, Lenin St. 226, Khujand 735700, Tajikistan
Zofia Gródek-Szostak
Department of Economics and Enterprise Organization, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Krakow, Poland
Anna Szeląg-Sikora
Department of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
Jakub Sikora
Department of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
Maciej Kuboń
Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
Monika Komorowska
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
The overarching goal of agricultural sciences is to optimize production technology to rationalize the use of production resources, energy, and space. Due to its high fertilization and water requirements, the vine is a plant with a high potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The modifying factor in the production technology is plantation management. To reach the assumed goal, a field experiment was conducted in the years 2001–2020, and the following training systems were used: multi-arm fan system (A) trunk height 2-eq Mg of yield−1, while in the case of D and E systems, the value was approx. 304.37 to 306.23 CO2-eq Mg of yield−1. When comparing this stage with total annual emissions related to cultivation (for 1 ha), the amount of emitted GHGs at this stage is from approx. 42% to 58% higher than from annual emission related to cultivation. Concrete poles are the main element related with GHG emission during stage of plantation establishment, from 97 to 98% of emission. In the case of annual production, nitrogen fertilizers are responsible for approx. 36%. Moreover, the results show that systems D and E increased the average annual fruit yield (per 19 years of research) by approx. 68% compared to the A, B, C systems. There was no difference in the yield of plants with different height of shoots in the D and E systems. The “one-side, multi-arm, paired planting system” was characterized by the highest production and environmental efficiency.
