Modifications to the classic simple-longitudinal inferior pericardiotomy (Sauerbruch technique)

Abstract

Since the 1960s, subxyphoid pericardiotomy has become one of the preferred surgical procedures for rapidly and safely evacuating pericardial effusions of different etiologies, obtaining biopsies, placing epicardial electrodes, and even repairing cardiac perforations. This surgery is erroneously thought to require specific surgical instruments and specially trained personnel; but the plain fact is that any doctor working in an emergency department must know the technique and be ready to perform it at any time. Since the longitudinal incision was described, originally attempting to repair a cardiac wound through the diaphragm, some authors have tried to simplify the procedure through innovations. In this article we present some simple maneuvers that may facilitate subxiphoid pericardial access and shorten the surgery time.