Revista Finlay (Jul 2023)
Characterization of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients at the General Calixto García Clinical Surgical University Hospital
Abstract
Foundation: cerebrovascular diseases are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. In the Americas they constitute the third cause of death and their incidence is increased in type 2 diabetic patients. Objective: to characterize type 2 diabetic patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Method: a descriptive study was carried out in diabetic patients who were admitted to the Calixto García Hospital with a diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease in the period between January and December 2022. The universe consisted of all type 2 diabetic patients who were admitted to the Institution and the population of 148 patients. The variables analyzed were: sex, skin color and age; blood pressure and body mass index; cholesterol, triacylglycerides and glycemia; type of cerebrovascular disease and its severity and comorbidities. Descriptive statistical methods such as absolute frequency and percentage were used. The results were presented in tables created for the purpose. Results: the male sex, the white skin color and the age group between 60 and 69 years predominated with 58.1, 43.9 and 40.5 % respectively. Hypertensive and overweight patients related to the greater severity of cerebrovascular disease, hyperglycemic patients with high cholesterol and triacylglyceride values predominated, and in them the cerebral ischemic event was more severe. Arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease prevailed in the studied population with 81.8 and 52.7 respectively. Conclusions: cerebrovascular disease was more frequent in males, white skin color and elderly patients. Arterial hypertension, overweight, hyperglycemia as well as high cholesterol and triglyceride values predominated in the sample and were related to the greater severity of the ischemic cerebrovascular event.
