Frontiers in Nutrition (Apr 2022)

L-Theanine: A Unique Functional Amino Acid in Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) With Multiple Health Benefits and Food Applications

  • Ming-Yue Li,
  • Ming-Yue Li,
  • Hong-Yan Liu,
  • Ding-Tao Wu,
  • Ahmad Kenaan,
  • Fang Geng,
  • Hua-Bin Li,
  • Anil Gunaratne,
  • Hang Li,
  • Ren-You Gan,
  • Ren-You Gan

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.853846
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9

Abstract

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Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is a very popular health drink and has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its various bioactive substances. Among them, L-theanine, a unique free amino acid, is one of the most important substances in tea and endows tea with a special flavor. Moreover, L-theanine is also a bioactive compound with plenty of health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, metabolic regulatory, cardiovascular protective, liver and kidney protective, immune regulatory, and anti-obesity effects. Due to the unique characteristics and beneficial functions, L-theanine has potential applications in the development of functional foods. This review summarized the influencing factors of L-theanine content in teas, the main health benefits and related molecular mechanisms of L-theanine, and its applications in food, understanding of which can provide updated information for the further research of L-theanine.

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