Use of 3D printing and hydrogel molding to develop a model for ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) training and education

• Lauren Shepard,
• Nathan Schuler,
• Aaron Saxton,
• Patrick Saba,
• Andrew Cook,
• Tyler Holler,
• David Tzou,
• Karen Stern,
• Helena Chang,
• Justin Ahn,
• Thomas Tailly,
• Thomas Chi,
• Ahmed Ghazi

Affiliations

Lauren Shepard

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States; Corresponding author.

Nathan Schuler

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States

Aaron Saxton

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States

Patrick Saba

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States

Andrew Cook

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States

Tyler Holler

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States

David Tzou

University of Arizona, United States

Karen Stern

Mayo Clinic Arizona, United States

Helena Chang

Stanford University, United States

Justin Ahn

University of California, San Francisco, United States

Thomas Tailly

University Hospital of Ghent Belgium

Thomas Chi

University of California, San Francisco, United States

Ahmed Ghazi

University of Rochester Medical Center Urology, United States