Chemically Diverse and Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Marine <i>Phylum chlorophyta</i>
Sayed Asmat Ali Shah,
Syed Shams ul Hassan,
Simona Bungau,
Yongsheng Si,
Haiwei Xu,
Md. Habibur Rahman,
Tapan Behl,
Daniela Gitea,
Flavia-Maria Pavel,
Raluca Anca Corb Aron,
Bianca Pasca,
Sebastian Nemeth
Affiliations
Sayed Asmat Ali Shah
Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Syed Shams ul Hassan
Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Simona Bungau
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
Yongsheng Si
Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Haiwei Xu
Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Md. Habibur Rahman
Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
Tapan Behl
Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
Daniela Gitea
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
Flavia-Maria Pavel
Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
Raluca Anca Corb Aron
Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
Bianca Pasca
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
Sebastian Nemeth
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
For a long time, algal chemistry from terrestrial to marine or freshwater bodies, especially chlorophytes, has fascinated numerous investigators to develop new drugs in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. As such, chlorophytes comprise a diverse structural class of secondary metabolites, having functional groups that are specific to a particular source. All bioactive compounds of chlorophyte are of great interest due to their supplemental/nutritional/pharmacological activities. In this review, a detailed description of the chemical diversity of compounds encompassing alkaloids, terpenes, steroids, fatty acids and glycerides, their subclasses and their structures are discussed. These promising natural products have efficiency in developing new drugs necessary in the treatment of various deadly pathologies (cancer, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, several inflammations, etc.). Marine chlorophyte, therefore, is portrayed as a pivotal treasure in the case of drugs having marine provenience. It is a domain of research expected to probe novel pharmaceutically or nutraceutically important secondary metabolites resulting from marine Chlorophyta. In this regard, our review aims to compile the isolated secondary metabolites having diverse chemical structures from chlorophytes (like Caulerpa ssp., Ulva ssp., Tydemania ssp., Penicillus ssp., Codium ssp., Capsosiphon ssp., Avrainvillea ssp.), their biological properties, applications and possible mode of action.
