Analysis of the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Self-management in Patients with Degenerative Spinal Deformity

Abstract

Background In recent years, the prevalence of degenerative spinal deformity (DSD) has been increasing annually. Patients have to live with DSD for a long time from the onset of disease until surgical intervention is required, and self-management during this period is crucial for the development and progression of DSD. However, the current status and influencing factors of self-management in DSD patients remain unclear, making it difficult to tailor effective intervention measures. Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of self-management in patients with DSD, so as to provide a clinical reference for the development of targeted intervention programs. Methods A total of 200 patients with DSD who attended the Department of Orthopedics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from June 2020 to December 2022 using a convenience sampling method to conduct questionnaire survey. The demographic information, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) score, and Chronic Disease Self-management Behavior Scale score were collected. Multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of chronic disease self-management behaviors of patients. Results A total of 191 (95.5%) valid questionnaires were recovered. The average age of the patients was (62.6±11.6) years, including 144 cases (75.4%) of scoliosis, 37 cases (19.4%) of kyphosis and 10 cases (5.2%) of lateral kyphosis. The total score of self-management behaviors was (22.94±11.97). The standardized scores for each dimension of self-management behaviors were cognitive symptom management (26.27±15.83), doctor-patient communication (23.53±16.27) and exercise (18.42±11.00) in descending order. The results of correlation analysis showed that age, BMI, monthly per capita household income, education level, smoking history, function disorder and medical social support were significantly correlated with the scores of each dimension and total score of Chronic Disease Self-management Behavior Scale (P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis results showed that medical social support, education level, monthly per capita household income, and bone mineral density were influencing factors of Chronic Disease Self-management Behavior Scale scores (P<0.05) . Conclusion The level of self-management behavior in patients with DSD is low. Medical social support, education level, economic level, and bone mineral density are the main influencing factors of self-management behaviors. Healthcare providers should improve self-management behaviors of DSD patients in clinical practice to help them manage their diseases effectively by strengthening education and enhancing social support.

Keywords

• spinal diseases|degenerative spinal deformity|self-management|root cause analysis|multiple linear regression