Uniaxial and tensile strained germanium nanomembranes in rolled-up geometry by polarized Raman scattering spectroscopy
Qinglei Guo,
Miao Zhang,
Zhongying Xue,
Jing Zhang,
Gang Wang,
Da Chen,
Zhiqiang Mu,
Gaoshan Huang,
Yongfeng Mei,
Zengfeng Di,
Xi Wang
Affiliations
Qinglei Guo
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Miao Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Zhongying Xue
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Jing Zhang
Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
Gang Wang
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Da Chen
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Zhiqiang Mu
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Gaoshan Huang
Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
Yongfeng Mei
Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
Zengfeng Di
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
Xi Wang
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
We present a rolled-up approach to form Ge microtubes and their array by rolling-up hybrid Ge/Cr nanomembranes, which is driven by the built-in stress in the deposited Cr layer. The study of Raman intensity as a function of the angle between the crystal-axis and the polarization-direction of the scattered light, i.e., polarized Raman measurement reveals that the strain state in Ge tube is uniaxial and tensile, and can reach a maximal value 1.0%. Both experimental observations and theoretical calculations suggest that the uniaxial-tensile strain residual in the rolled-up Ge tubes correlates with their tube diameters, which can be tuned by the thicknesses of the Cr layers deposited. Using the polarized Raman scattering spectroscopy, our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the strain state and evolution in self-rolled-up nano/micro-tubes.
