All Tight Descriptions of 3-Stars in 3-Polytopes with Girth 5

Abstract

Lebesgue (1940) proved that every 3-polytope P5 of girth 5 has a path of three vertices of degree 3. Madaras (2004) refined this by showing that every P5 has a 3-vertex with two 3-neighbors and the third neighbor of degree at most 4. This description of 3-stars in P5s is tight in the sense that no its parameter can be strengthened due to the dodecahedron combined with the existence of a P5 in which every 3-vertex has a 4-neighbor.

Keywords

• 3-polytope
• planar graph
• structure properties
• k-star
• 05c15