A High Performance All-Textile Wearable Antenna for Wristband Application
Asma Ejaz,
Iqra Jabeen,
Zia Ullah Khan,
Akram Alomainy,
Khaled Aljaloud,
Ali H. Alqahtani,
Niamat Hussain,
Rifaqat Hussain,
Yasar Amin
Affiliations
Asma Ejaz
ACTSENA Research Group, Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan
Iqra Jabeen
ACTSENA Research Group, Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan
Zia Ullah Khan
Antenna and Electromagnetics Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London SE1 9DE, UK
Akram Alomainy
Antenna and Electromagnetics Research Group, School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London SE1 9DE, UK
Khaled Aljaloud
College of Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ali H. Alqahtani
College of Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Niamat Hussain
Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
Rifaqat Hussain
Independent Researcher, London E1 4NS, UK
Yasar Amin
ACTSENA Research Group, Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47050, Pakistan
A compact, conformal, all-textile wearable antenna is proposed in this paper for the 2.45 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. The integrated design consists of a monopole radiator backed by a 2 × 1 Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) array, resulting in a small form factor suitable for wristband applications. An EBG unit cell is optimized to work in the desired operating band, the results of which are further explored to achieve bandwidth maximization via floating EBG ground. A monopole radiator is made to work in association with the EBG layer to produce the resonance in the ISM band with plausible radiation characteristics. The fabricated design is tested for free space performance analysis and subjected to human body loading. The proposed antenna design achieves bandwidth of 2.39 GHz to 2.54 GHz with a compact footprint of 35.4 × 82.4 mm2. The experimental investigations reveal that the reported design adequately retains its performance while operating in close proximity to human beings. The presented Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis reveals 0.297 W/kg calculated at 0.5 W input power, which certifies that the proposed antenna is safe for use in wearable devices.
