Hybrid Global Annual 1-km IGBP Land Cover Maps for the Period 2000–2020

Abstract

Land cover products provide critical information for monitoring and analyzing land surface changes. However, notable disagreement and incompatible classification systems among existing land cover products bring challenges in using them. Here, we developed a hierarchical International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) classification system and integrated four widely used land cover products (i.e., MODIS-IGBP, ESA-CCI, GlobeLand30, and GLC_FCS30) based on their accuracy against a collection of global reference samples. We generated a hybrid global annual land cover product (HYBMAP) with ~1 km (1/120°, 30″) spatial resolution from 2000 to 2020. The HYBMAP integrates information from the four products of high- and medium-resolution and reduces the disagreement between them by up to 20.1%. The overall accuracy of the HYBMAP is 75.5%, which is higher than the best of the four products (MODIS-IGBP, 70.9%). HYBMAP also integrates the temporal change information from the four products and identifies a faster growth of built-up lands. The HYBMAP provides more consistent and reliable global land cover time series data for global change research. It is free to access at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10488191.