Frontiers in Medicine (Dec 2020)

Dabigatran Level Before Reversal Can Predict Hemostatic Effectiveness of Idarucizumab in a Real-World Setting

  • Nicolas Gendron,
  • Nicolas Gendron,
  • Richard Chocron,
  • Richard Chocron,
  • Paul Billoir,
  • Julien Brunier,
  • Laurence Camoin-Jau,
  • Marie Tuffigo,
  • Dorothée Faille,
  • Dorothée Faille,
  • Dorian Teissandier,
  • Juliette Gay,
  • Juliette Gay,
  • Emmanuelle de Raucourt,
  • Emmanuelle de Raucourt,
  • Ludovic Suner,
  • Corentin Bonnet,
  • Anne-Céline Martin,
  • Anne-Céline Martin,
  • Dominique Lasne,
  • Chayma Ladhari,
  • Aurélien Lebreton,
  • Laurent Bertoletti,
  • Laurent Bertoletti,
  • Nadine Ajzenberg,
  • Nadine Ajzenberg,
  • Pascale Gaussem,
  • Pascale Gaussem,
  • Pierre-Emmanuel Morange,
  • Pierre-Emmanuel Morange,
  • Pierre-Emmanuel Morange,
  • Véronique Le Cam Duchez,
  • Alain Viallon,
  • Pierre-Marie Roy,
  • Pierre-Marie Roy,
  • Agnès Lillo-le Louët,
  • Agnès Lillo-le Louët,
  • David M. Smadja,
  • David M. Smadja,
  • David M. Smadja

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.599626
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 7

Abstract

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Background: Idarucizumab has been included in guidelines for the management of bleeding or surgical procedure in dabigatran-treated patients without need for biological monitoring. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of dabigatran plasma level before reversal to test the hemostatic efficacy of idarucizumab. The secondary objectives were (i) to analyze plasma dabigatran level according to the risk of rebound and (ii) to evaluate the incidence of post-reversal non-favorable clinical outcomes (including thromboembolism, bleeding, antithrombotic, and death) and antithrombotic resumption.Methods and Results: This was an observational multicentric cohort study, which included all French patients who required idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal. Between May 2016 and April 2019, 87 patients from 21 French centers were enrolled. Patients received idarucizumab for overt bleeding (n = 61), urgent procedures (n = 24), or overdose without bleeding (n = 2). Among patients with major bleeding (n = 57), treatment with idarucizumab was considered effective in 44 (77.2%) of them. Patients who did not achieve effective hemostasis after reversal had a significantly higher mean level of plasma dabigatran at baseline (524.5 ± 386 vs. 252.8 ng/mL ± 235, p = 0.033). Furthermore, patients who did not achieve effective hemostasis after reversal had less favorable outcomes during follow-up (46.2 vs. 81.8%, p = 0.027). ROC curve identified a cutoff of 264 ng/mL for dabigatran level at admission to be predictive of ineffective hemostasis. No plasma dabigatran rebound was observed after reversal in patients with dabigatran plasma level < 264 ng/mL at baseline.Conclusion: This retrospective study shows that dabigatran level before reversal could predict hemostatic effectiveness and dabigatran plasma rebound after idarucizumab injection.

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