Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism (Dec 2012)

Hermeneutika dan Etika Naratif Menurut Paul Ricoeur

  • M. Sastrapratedja

DOI
https://doi.org/10.20871/kpjipm.v2i2.32
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 2, no. 2
pp. 247 – 263

Abstract

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Abstract : After his retirement, Paul Ricoeur published his three-volume works, Time and Narrative (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1984-1985). For Ricoeur, time becomes human’s time when it is organized in a narrative. Narrative becomes meaningful when it portrays the feature of temporal experience. h e present article tries to show that a narrative requires an interpretation. Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics consists of two stages, distanciation and appropriation. Distanciation enables the reader to study the text critically and then it must be followed by a post-critical reading where the reader appropriates the world opened to him. In the words of Gadamer, in the process of interpretation, the horizon of the text fuses with the horizon of the reader. In reading a narrative, the identity as ipse and as idem interacts each other. h e narrative ethics does not contradict with the normative ethics, later gives validation to the former one. In the case of a conflict, then responsibility shoud be the priority.Keywords : Ipse, Idem, Fusion of horizons, Character, Disposition, Distanciation, Appropriation, Normative ethics Abstrak : Setelah pensiun, Paul Ricouer menerbitkan karyanya Time and Narratie (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1984-1985) sebanyak tiga volume. Bagi Ricouer, waktu menjadi waktu manusia ketika ia dirangkai dalam suatu cerita naratif. Sebuah narasi bermakna jika ia melukiskan ciri-ciri pengalaman yang temporal. Artikle ini mencoba memperlihatkan bahwa sebuah cerita naratif membutuhkan interpretasi. Hermeneutika Paul Ricouer terdiri dari dua langkah, distansiasi dan apropriasi. Distansiasi memungkinkan pembaca untuk mempelajari teks secara kritis dan mesti dilanjutkan dengan pembacaan post-kritis di mana pembaca meng- apropriasi dunia yang terbuka padanya. Meminjam ungkapan Gadamer, dalam proses interpretasi, horizon teks melebur dengan horizon pembaca. Dalam membaca sebuah cerita naratif, identitas sebagai ipse dan sebagai idem saling berinteraksi. Etika naratif tidaklah kontradiktif dengan etika normatif. Etika normatif memvalidasi etika naratif. Jika terjadi kontradiksi, maka tanggungjawablah yang menjadi prioritas.Kata kunci : Ipse, Idem, Peleburan horizon, Karakter, Disposisi, Distansiasi, Apropriasi, Etika normatif

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