Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Sep 2022)

Maintenance of Self-Care Activities During COVID-19 Lockdown in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes That Received a Comprehensive Care Program Training

  • García Ulloa AC,
  • Tron-Gómez MS,
  • Díaz-Pineda M,
  • Hernández-Juárez D,
  • Landa-Anell MV,
  • Melgarejo-Hernández MA,
  • Hernández-Jiménez S

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 15
pp. 2857 – 2865

Abstract

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Ana C García Ulloa,1 Maria S Tron-Gómez,2 Michelle Díaz-Pineda,1 Diana Hernández-Juárez,1 María V Landa-Anell,1 Marco A Melgarejo-Hernández,1 Sergio Hernández-Jiménez1 On behalf of the CAIPaDi Study Group1Center of Comprehensive Care for the Patient with Diabetes, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Huixquilucan, MexicoCorrespondence: Sergio Hernández-Jiménez, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Centro de Atención Integral del Paciente con Diabetes, Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Belisario Domínguez, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico, Tel +1 52 55 54870900 (5045) ; +1 52 55 55737378, Email [email protected]: In 2020, several countries established a global emergency state. Lockdowns restricted people’s lifestyles and daily activities to prevent coronavirus spread. These measures hindered diabetes mellitus control and lifestyle changes. This study aims to evaluate if attending a multidisciplinary program before the pandemic helped maintain a good metabolic state, lifestyle modifications, and mental health in patients with diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 lockdown.Methods: Patients included in this study attended a multidisciplinary program, with < 5 years of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, without disabling complications, between 18– 70 years old. The complete lockdown occurred from February 27, 2020, to May 31, 2020. The first patient (non-COVID) to return to the center for face-to-face consultation was in March 2021. Consultations in 2019 were face-to-face and changed to a virtual modality during 2020. We analyzed metabolic, lifestyle, mental health, and diabetes education parameters.Results: A total of 133 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included with complete information in visits before and during the lockdown. Metabolic parameters and self-care measures (nutrition plan, foot evaluation, and self-glucose monitoring) evaluated on our patients had no change during the lockdown. We found a significant increase in the time patients spent sitting during the day (p< 0.05). Barriers to exercise increased during lockdown, being joint pain (3.8% to 12.0%, p< 0.01) and lack of time to exercise (4.5% to 7.5%, p=0.33) being the most common. There was no significant difference in symptoms of anxiety and depression, quality of life, and empowerment.Conclusion: A multidisciplinary diabetes mellitus program, including diabetes education for self-care activities, positively impacts patients, maintaining good outcomes despite lockdown difficulties.Keywords: multidisciplinary care, lifestyle, self-care, mental health, type 2 diabetes, COVID-19 pandemics

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