Nature and Science of Sleep (Apr 2024)

Exploring the Multifaceted Landscape of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Insights into Prevalence, Severity, and Coexisting Conditions

  • Yang Q,
  • Huang X,
  • Lin Y,
  • Chen K,
  • Lu Q,
  • Lin W,
  • Wang X,
  • Teng Y,
  • Jiang P,
  • Patil S,
  • Zheng Y

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 359 – 368

Abstract

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Qin Yang,1,2 Xiao Huang,2 Yanhong Lin,1 Ke Chen,1 Qinghua Lu,1 Weinan Lin,1 Xing Wang,2 Yishu Teng,3 Peng Jiang,3 Sandip Patil,3 Yuejie Zheng1 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sleep Centre, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sandip Patil, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +85-755-82008283, Email [email protected] Yuejie Zheng, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a multifaceted disorder marked by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, often coexisting with various medical conditions. This study, aimed to comprehensively analyze the Multifaceted Landscape of Pediatric Insights into Prevalence, Severity, and Coexisting Conditions. With a sample of 1928 participants, our study sought to determine the prevalence, severity, and associations between OSA and diverse conditions.Methods: Conducted retrospectively from February 2019 to April 2023, the study included pediatric patients. Data were collected through electronic health records, involving clinical assessments, medical histories, and diagnostic tests to establish OSA and coexisting condition diagnoses. Relationships between sleep parameters, apnea types, and severity indices were evaluated.Results: High OSA prevalence was evident across age groups, with severity peaking between 3 to 12 years. Among the participants, coexisting conditions included allergic rhinitis (59.6%), tonsillar hypertrophy (49.7%), adenoid hypertrophy (28.4%), and obesity (15.3%). Analysis revealed intriguing relationships between different sleep parameters and apnea types. Notable associations were observed between Obstructive Apnea (OA) and Central Apnea (CA), and Mixed Apnea (MA) displayed associations with both OA and CA. Hypopnea correlated directly with the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), reflecting its role in OSA severity.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics between pediatric OSA and coexisting conditions. The prevalence of OSA and its coexistence with various conditions underscore the need for comprehensive evaluation and management strategies. By revealing associations between different sleep parameters and apnea types, the study emphasizes the complexity of OSA diagnosis and management. These findings hold the potential to enhance clinical approaches, ultimately leading to improved care and outcomes for affected children.Keywords: pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, coexisting conditions, prevalence, severity, relationships, sleep parameters, management, clinical analysis, comprehensive evaluation, outcomes

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