Feasibility of vanadium ion adsorption/desorption using nickel–aluminum complex hydroxides with different molar ratios

Abstract

Herein, metal complex hydroxides containing nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) at different molar ratios (Ni:Al = 1:1 (NA11), 1:2 (NA12), 2:1 (NA21), 3:1 (NA31), and 4:1 (NA41)) were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy images, X-ray diffraction patterns, specific surface area, number of hydroxyl groups, and pHpzc were evaluated. Further, the adsorption capacity of vanadium ions was assessed, with NA21 showing a high potential to adsorb vanadium ions from the aqueous phase (177.5 mg/g). In addition, the effects of various factors, including pH, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature, on the adsorption of vanadium ions were demonstrated in this study using NA21. The optimal pH value for adsorbing vanadium ions was 5.0. Adsorption isotherms and kinetic data were fitted to a pseudo-second-order model (correlation coefficient: 0.958) and a Freundlich model (correlation coefficient: 0.930–0.982), respectively. This study elucidated that a part of the adsorption mechanism of vanadium was related to ion exchange and characteristics of NA21 surface. Moreover, NA21 showed capability to selectively adsorb vanadium ions from binary solution system containing chloride, nitrate, or sulfate ions. Vanadium ions adsorbed onto NA21 were more easily desorbed by a sodium hydroxide solution than a sodium sulfate solution. NA21 demonstrated consistent performance over at least three adsorption and desorption cycles under experimental conditions of this study. These findings provided valuable insights into the recovery of vanadium ions from aqueous media via adsorption/desorption treatment using NA21.

Keywords

• Nickel-aluminum complex hydroxides
• Rare metal
• Vanadium ion
• Adsorption
• Desorption