Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU (Jan 2019)
Clinicomicrobial assessment of urinary tract infections in a tertiary care hospital
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompass a wide array of infections, accounting for a vast number of community as well as hospital-acquired infections. This study was undertaken to evaluate the changing clinical presentations and risk factors of UTIs and the etiological agents in complicated and uncomplicated UTIs. METHODOLOGY: This 1-year cross-sectional study was comprised of 500 patients with signs and symptoms of UTI and/or with UTI confirmed by urine culture in the admitted in the Department of Medicine and Nephrology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi. RESULTS: Most of the patients (59.00%) of the patients were males and the male-female ratio was 1.43:1. The most common age group was 51–60 years comprised of 25.40% of the patients and the mean age was 53.60 ± 17.55 years. Majority of the patients (76.80%) had complicated type of UTI. Most of the patients had fever with chills (65.60%), followed by pain abdomen (47.00%). Majority of the patients (88.20%) had community-acquired infection while 8.40% and 3.40% of the patients had catheter-related nosocomial infection and noncatheter nosocomial infection, respectively. Overall, Escherichia coli was the most common organism (56.40%) isolated and it was the most common organism isolated in patients with nosocomial catheter-related infections as well as noncatheter-related nosocomial infections. Furthermore, E. coli was the most common organism isolated in patients with complicated (57.03%) and uncomplicated UTI (55.17%). The most common risk factor was type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (40%) followed by chronic kidney disease (19.2%). CONCLUSION: The most common clinical presentations of UTI are fever with chills. T2DM is the important risk factors of UTI. E. coli is the predominant causative agent in all the UTIs.
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