Effects of elastic modulus of porous implants on success rate of implant surgery – An in vivo study using miniature swine model

Yitong Liu; Wei Xu; Siyan Liu; Zhaona Liu; Ziqi Yan; Aihua Yu; Bowen Liu; Junji Xu; Xin Lu; Yi Liu; Lijia Guo

Materials & Design (Mar 2024)

Effects of elastic modulus of porous implants on success rate of implant surgery – An in vivo study using miniature swine model

Yitong Liu,
Wei Xu,
Siyan Liu,
Zhaona Liu,
Ziqi Yan,
Aihua Yu,
Bowen Liu,
Junji Xu,
Xin Lu,
Yi Liu,
Lijia Guo

Affiliations

Yitong Liu: Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Wei Xu: Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Siyan Liu: Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Zhaona Liu: Beijing Longfu Hospital, Beijing, China
Ziqi Yan: Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Aihua Yu: Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Bowen Liu: Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Junji Xu: Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Xin Lu: Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent Manufacturing, Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Orthodontics (WangFuJing Campus), School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing 100050, PR China.
Yi Liu: Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Orthodontics (WangFuJing Campus), School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing 100050, PR China.
Lijia Guo: Department of Orthodontics (WangFuJing Campus), School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Orthodontics (WangFuJing Campus), School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing 100050, PR China.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 239
p. 112819

Abstract

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Implant therapy is a well-established clinical treatment, and porous implants are reported to be advantageous, which needs to be confirmed in vivo. In this study, we designed and fabricated titanium implants with the same shape but with different porosities (20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 %, respectively), which produce different elastic moduli based on the results of finite element analysis (FEA). These devices were implanted into the mandibular alveolar bone of miniature swine, and their survival rates, osseointegration, and marginal bone loss were evaluated one, three, and six months after implantation. It was demonstrated that the 30 % porosity implants, which had an elastic modulus similar to that of the cortical bone, exhibited the best survival rate (50 %) and the lowest bone resorption height (1.51 ± 0.33 mm), with almost no inflammation and attachment loss. In vitro analyses indicated that the appropriate pore size is conducive to the extension and cellular communication of cells, which promotes the host cell homing and differentiation functions. Thus, the elastic modulus of the dental implants determines their success rate. Furthermore, the implants with an elastic modulus matching that of the cortical bone of the patient are advantageous in terms of postoperative loading and bone integration.

Published in Materials & Design

ISSN: 0264-1275 (Print); 1873-4197 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/materials-and-design

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