Stagnation point flow of viscous nanofluid towards a shrinking sheet with quadratic buoyancy and thermophoresis influence: convection through porous media

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamics of heat and mass transfer, focusing on the impact of nonlinear convection and thermophoresis in the flow of viscous nanofluid towards a shrinking sheet embedded with a porous matrix. To facilitate understanding of the flow behavior, the study employs similarity variables to simplify the resulting nonlinear partial differential equations. Numerical analysis utilizing the collocation method with Legendre polynomials as basis functions reveals distinct distributions of velocity, temperature, and concentration. The results demonstrate that the dimensionless suction coefficient amplifies nanoparticle volume fraction and momentum along the stretching surface. In addition, an increase in internal frictional force leads to heightened injection of heat energy, accelerates the temperature field, and impedes nanoparticle diffusion due to heat absorption. Elevation of convection terms augments momentum, reduces energy dispersion, and enhances nanoparticle diffusion. Moreover, an increase in the dimensionless Eckert number (Ec) correlates with intensified energy and diminished diffusion concentration of the nanoparticle volume fraction.

Keywords

• Nonlinear convection
• Nanofluid
• Thermophoresis
• Darcy law
• Stagnation point