Inactivated vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 in Fujian, China during the Omicron BA.2 outbreak

Wenjing Ye; Kangguo Li; Zeyu Zhao; Shenggen Wu; Huimin Qu; Yichao Guo; Buasiyamu Abudunaibi; Wu Chen; Shaojian Cai; Cailin Chen; Jiawei Lin; Zhonghang Xie; Meirong Zhan; Jianming Ou; Yanqin Deng; Tianmu Chen; Kuicheng Zheng

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1269194

Frontiers in Public Health (Dec 2023)

Inactivated vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 in Fujian, China during the Omicron BA.2 outbreak

Wenjing Ye,
Kangguo Li,
Zeyu Zhao,
Shenggen Wu,
Huimin Qu,
Yichao Guo,
Buasiyamu Abudunaibi,
Wu Chen,
Shaojian Cai,
Cailin Chen,
Jiawei Lin,
Zhonghang Xie,
Meirong Zhan,
Jianming Ou,
Yanqin Deng,
Tianmu Chen,
Kuicheng Zheng

Affiliations

Wenjing Ye: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Kangguo Li: State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Zeyu Zhao: State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Shenggen Wu: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Huimin Qu: State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Yichao Guo: State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Buasiyamu Abudunaibi: State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Wu Chen: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Shaojian Cai: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Cailin Chen: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Jiawei Lin: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Zhonghang Xie: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Meirong Zhan: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Jianming Ou: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Yanqin Deng: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China
Tianmu Chen: State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Kuicheng Zheng: Institute of Emergency Response and Epidemic Management, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1269194
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 11

Abstract

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ObjectiveMore than 90% of the Chinese population have completed 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in Mainland China. However, after China government abandoned strict control measures, many breakthrough infections appeared, and vaccine effectiveness against Omicron BA.2 infection was uncertain. This study aims to investigate the real-world effectiveness of widely used inactivated vaccines during the wave of Omicron variants.MethodsTest-negative case-control study was conducted in this study to analyze the vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic disease caused by the Omicron variant (BA.2) in Fujian, China. Conditional logistic regression was selected to estimate the vaccine effectiveness.ResultsThe study found the vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 is 32.46% (95% CI, 8.08% to 50.37%) at 2 to 8 weeks, and 27.05% (95% CI, 1.23% to 46.12%) at 12 to 24 weeks after receiving booster doses of the inactivated vaccine. Notably, the 3–17 years group had higher vaccine effectiveness after 2 doses than the 18–64 years and over 65 years groups who received booster doses.ConclusionInactivated vaccines alone may not offer sufficient protection for all age groups before the summer of 2022. To enhance protection, other types of vaccines or bivalent vaccines should be considered.

Published in Frontiers in Public Health

ISSN: 2296-2565 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine: Public aspects of medicine
Website: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health

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