Shallow-water late middle Eocene crinoids from Tierra del Fuego: a new southern record of a retrograde community structure

Abstract

One of the very few crinoid records in Patagonia is that of the abundant columnals of the genus Isselicrinus found in several localities in shallow marine, glauconitic sandstones of the Leticia Formation (upper middle Eocene of Tierra del Fuego Island). Some of them, up to 10 cm long, are preserved in a position almost perpendicular to the stratification, which is attributed to episodes of high sedimentation rate. The Isselicrinus remains occur either almost alone or associated with solitary corals, gastropods, bivalves, rare nautilids, shark teeth, penguin bones and well-preserved specimens of Ophiura elegantoides. The associated microfossils, mainly Foraminifera, are characterised by the anomalous abundance and dominance of large Nodosariacea. These records reflect a peculiar success of a retrograde, dense, suspension-feeding crinoid population as a regional extension of previously described distribution in the Antarctic upper Eocene.

Keywords

• tierra del fuego
• eocene
• leticia formation
• shallow-marine
• crinoids
• isselicrinus
• nodosariacea
• retrograde community structure