Longitudinal antimüllerian hormone and its correlation with pubertal milestones
Meghan B. Smith, M.D.,
Jacqueline Ho, MD, M.S.,
Lihong Ma, M.D.,
Miryoung Lee, Ph.D.,
Stefan A. Czerwinski, Ph.D.,
Tanya L. Glenn, M.D.,
David R. Cool, Ph.D.,
Pascal Gagneux, Ph.D.,
Frank Z. Stanczyk, Ph.D.,
Lynda K. McGinnis, Ph.D.,
Steven R. Lindheim, M.D., M.M.M.
Affiliations
Meghan B. Smith, M.D.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
Jacqueline Ho, MD, M.S.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
Lihong Ma, M.D.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
Miryoung Lee, Ph.D.
Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas
Stefan A. Czerwinski, Ph.D.
Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas
Tanya L. Glenn, M.D.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
David R. Cool, Ph.D.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
Pascal Gagneux, Ph.D.
Department of Pathology, Glycobiology Research and Training center (GRTC), University of California San Diego, California
Frank Z. Stanczyk, Ph.D.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
Lynda K. McGinnis, Ph.D.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
Steven R. Lindheim, M.D., M.M.M.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio; Center for Reproductive Medicine Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; Reprint requests: Steven R. Lindheim, M.D., M.M.M
Objective: To examine the changes in AMH levels longitudinally over time and their relationship with both body composition, particularly abdominal adiposity, and milestones of pubertal development in female children. Design: Secondary analysis of a prospective, longitudinal study. Setting: University affiliated research center and laboratories. Patient(s): Eighty-nine females were examined between 1990 and 2015 to study child growth and development. Intervention(s): Demographic, anthropometric, growth, and pubertal milestone data with serum samples stored and subsequently analyzed for AMH. Main Outcome Measure(s): Longitudinal change in AMH and predicted AMH levels based on body composition, age, and pubertal milestones including, pubarche, thelarche, and menarche. Result(s): Natural log-transformed AMH (AMHlog) levels appeared to have a nonlinear relationship with age, decreasing between 10 and 14 years of age, increasing until 16 years. A mixed effect linear model demonstrated that increased abdominal adiposity (waist/height ratio, WHtR) was significantly associated with the predicted increased AMHlog levels (β=1.37). As females progressed through the Tanner stages, the model predicted decreasing AMHlog values when adjusting for age and WHtR. Conclusion(s): Declining AMH levels during puberty may not be reflective of diminished ovarian reserve as observed in adults, but may suggest a permissive role of AMH in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.
