Nutrition, Energy Expenditure, Dysphagia, and Self-Efficacy in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

While significant research has been performed regarding the use of thrombolytic agents and thrombectomy in the setting of acute stroke, other factors, such as nutritional status of stroke patients, is a less explored topic. The topic of nutrition is critical to the discussion of stroke, as up to half of stroke survivors may be considered malnourished at discharge. Dysphagia, old age, restricted upper limb movement, visuospatial impairment, and depression are all important risk factors for malnutrition in this cohort. The purpose of this review is to analyze current literature discussing neuroprotective diets, nutritional, vitamin, and mineral supplementation, dysphagia, and post-stroke coaching in stroke patients.

Keywords

• neuroprotection
• nutrition
• stroke
• dysphagia
• lifestyle
• primary prevention
• diet and nutrition
• ischemic stroke
• intracranial hemorrhage