Roles and requirements of trace elements in tilapia nutrition: Review

Abstract

Trace elements have been recognized as the most indispensable for the nutrition of the entire biotic community. Although it is very apparent that trace elements such as copper, iron, chromium, zinc, iodine and molybdenum are indispensable in fish nutrition, at high concentrations, they can be detrimental to both fish and human beings. The objective of this review is to generate evidence to support fish farmers in making appropriate choices on the optimal trace elements amount to be included in the tilapia diet. To achieve this objective, the paper reviews trace elements' requirements and their roles in the tilapia nutrition.

Keywords

• Tilapia nutrition
• Trace elements
• Aquaculture
• Nutritional requirements