Gender, active education, language and nation in the Basque Country. Julene Azpeitia (1888-1980), exponent of a budding Basque education

Abstract

The biographical approach by J. J. de la Granja and G. Arrien (1988) is our main basis for further analysis about the articles of Julene Azpeitia, the Basque teacher and writer. So can we also interpret her thoughts about education, taking into account some variables such as gender, nation, language and new pedagogy. This work is intended to support the idea that the gender, educational and political ideology of the Basque nationalist women in the pre-war thirties, among whom Julene Azpeitia was a significant exponent, must be understood within the bourgeois ideology of European nation-states —and the contradictions that happened in a stateless nation. In order to demonstrate so we have analysed her journalistic and pedagogical writings, and approached them as a case study. This study has been completed with some videotaped in-depth interviews to significant nationalist women from the Republican period.

Keywords

• educación activa
• género
• nación
• lengua vasca
• país vasco