BMJ Open Respiratory Research (Jan 2025)

Lung function and onset of cardiometabolic diseases in the longitudinal Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study

  • ,
  • Andre F S Amaral,
  • Andrzej Pająk,
  • Thorarinn Gislason,
  • Syed Masud Ahmed,
  • Rain Jogi,
  • Abdul Rashid,
  • Christine Jenkins,
  • Fiona McLean,
  • James Potts,
  • Tobias Welte,
  • Dali Wang,
  • Eric Bateman,
  • Wen Wang,
  • Zafar Fatmi,
  • Kevin Mortimer,
  • Christer Janson,
  • Nanshan Zhong,
  • João Cardoso,
  • Parvaiz A Koul,
  • Rune Nielsen,
  • Nazrul Islam,
  • Graham Devereux,
  • Andrei Malinovschi,
  • Sanjay Juvekar,
  • Talant Sooronbaev,
  • Berik Emilov,
  • Bertrand Mbatchou,
  • Ayola Akim Adegnika,
  • Padukudru Anand Mahesh,
  • Kate Hardaker,
  • EFM Wouters,
  • Imed Harrabi,
  • Amund Gulsvik,
  • Sundeep Salvi,
  • Muhammad Irfan,
  • Bill Brashier,
  • Inga Sif Ólafsdóttir,
  • Zouhair Tabka,
  • Peter G J Burney,
  • Jaymini Patel,
  • Filip Mejza,
  • David M Mannino,
  • Meriam Denguezli,
  • Michael Studnicka,
  • Althea Aquart-Stewart,
  • Parvaiz Koul,
  • Herve Lawin,
  • Asaad Ahmed Nafees,
  • Olayemi Awopeju,
  • Gregory E Erhabor,
  • Louisa Gnatiuc,
  • Ali Kocabas,
  • Cristina Barbara,
  • Hasan Hafizi,
  • Anila Aliko,
  • Donika Bardhi,
  • Holta Tafa,
  • Natasha Thanasi,
  • Arian Mezini,
  • Alma Teferici,
  • Dafina Todri,
  • Jolanda Nikolla,
  • Rezarta Kazasi,
  • Hamid Hacene Cherkaski,
  • Amira Bengrait,
  • Tabarek Haddad,
  • Ibtissem Zgaoula,
  • Maamar Ghit,
  • Abdelhamid Roubhia,
  • Soumaya Boudra,
  • Feryal Atoui,
  • Randa Yakoubi,
  • Rachid Benali,
  • Abdelghani Bencheikh,
  • Nadia Ait-Khaled,
  • Guy Marks,
  • Tessa Bird,
  • Paola Espinel,
  • Brett Toelle,
  • Torkil Dawes,
  • Bernd Lamprecht,
  • Lea Schirhofer,
  • Akramul Islam,
  • Shayla Islam,
  • Qazi Shafayetul Islam,
  • Mesbah Ul-Haque,
  • Tridib Roy Chowdhury,
  • Sukantha Kumar Chatterjee,
  • Dulal Mia,
  • Shyamal Chandra Das,
  • Mizanur Rahman,
  • Shahaz Uddin,
  • Nurul Islam,
  • Luiza Khatun,
  • Monira Parvin,
  • Abdul Awal Khan,
  • Maidul Islam,
  • Arsene Kpangon,
  • Karl Kpossou,
  • Gildas Agodokpessi,
  • Paul Ayelo,
  • Benjamin Fayomi,
  • Atongno Humphrey Ashu,
  • Wan C Tan,
  • Shengming Liu,
  • Jiachun Lu,
  • Pixin Ran,
  • Yumin Zhou,
  • Hendrik Laja,
  • Katrin Ulst,
  • Vappu Zobel,
  • Toomas-Julius Lill,
  • Isabelle Bodemann,
  • Henning Geldmacher,
  • Bryndis Benedikdtsdottir,
  • Kristin Jörundsdottir,
  • Lovisa Gudmundsdottir,
  • Sigrun Gudmundsdottir,
  • Mahesh Rao,
  • Sajjad Malik,
  • Nissar A Hakim,
  • Umar Hafiz Khan,
  • Rohini Chowgule,
  • Vasant Shetye,
  • Jonelle Raphael,
  • Rosel Almeda,
  • Mahesh Tawde,
  • Rafiq Tadvi,
  • Sunil Katkar,
  • Milind Kadam,
  • Rupesh Dhanawade,
  • Umesh Ghurup,
  • Siddhi Hirve,
  • Somnath Sambhudas,
  • Bharat Chaidhary,
  • Meera Tambe,
  • Savita Pingale,
  • Arati Umap,
  • Archana Umap,
  • Nitin Shelar,
  • Sampada Devchakke,
  • Sharda Chaudhary,
  • Suvarna Bondre,
  • Savita Walke,
  • Ashleshsa Gawhane,
  • Anil Sapkal,
  • Rupali Argade,
  • Vijay Gaikwad,
  • Jyoti Londhe,
  • Sapna Madas,
  • Akosua Francia Aikman,
  • Meerim Akmatalieva,
  • Saadat Usenbaeva,
  • Jypara Kydyrova,
  • Eliza Bostonova,
  • Ulan Sheraliev,
  • Nuridin Marajapov,
  • Nurgul Toktogulova,
  • Toktogul Azilova,
  • Gulnara Beishekeeva,
  • Nasyikat Dononbaeva,
  • Aijamal Tabyshova,
  • Wezzie Nyapigoti,
  • Ernest Mwangoka,
  • Mayamiko Kambwili,
  • Martha Chipeta,
  • Gloria Banda,
  • Suzgo Mkandawire,
  • Justice Banda,
  • Li-Cher Loh,
  • Siti Sholehah,
  • Mohamed C Benjelloun,
  • Chakib Nejjari,
  • Mohamed Elbiaze,
  • Karima El Rhazi,
  • Daniel Obaseki,
  • Gregory Erhabor,
  • Olufemi Adewole,
  • Tina Endresen,
  • Lene Svendsen,
  • Asaad A Nafees,
  • Aysha Zahidie,
  • Natasha Shaukat,
  • Meesha Iqbal,
  • Luisito F Idolor,
  • Norberto A Francisco,
  • Camilo C Roa,
  • Fernando G Ayuyao,
  • Cecil Z Tady,
  • Daniel T Tan,
  • Sylvia Banal-Yang,
  • Vincent M Balanag,
  • Renato B Dantes,
  • Lourdes Amarillo,
  • Lakan U Berratio,
  • Lenora C Fernandez,
  • Gerard S Garcia,
  • Teresita S de Guia,
  • Thessa Reyes,
  • Leander P Simpao,
  • Jakub Frey,
  • Rafal Harat,
  • Pawel Nastalek,
  • Wojciech Skucha,
  • Andrzej Szczeklik,
  • Magda Twardowska,
  • Fátima Rodrigues,
  • Hermínia Dias,
  • João Almeida,
  • Maria João Matos,
  • Paula Simão,
  • Moutinho Santos,
  • Reis Ferreira,
  • H Alorainy,
  • E El-Hamad,
  • A Hashi,
  • R Dela,
  • R Fanuncio,
  • E Doloriel,
  • I Marciano,
  • Anamika Jithoo,
  • Desiree Adams,
  • Edward Barnes,
  • Jasper Freeman,
  • Anton Hayes,
  • Sipho Hlengwa,
  • Christine Johannisen,
  • Mariana Koopman,
  • Innocentia Louw,
  • Ina Ludick,
  • Alta Olckers,
  • Johanna Ryck,
  • Janita Storbeck,
  • Kirthi Gunasekera,
  • Rajitha Wickremasinghe,
  • Asma Elsony,
  • Hana A Elsadig,
  • Nada Bakery Osman,
  • Bandar Salah Noory,
  • Monjda Awad Mohamed,
  • Suhaiba Khalifa,
  • Mahmoud Elhadi,
  • Mohand Hassan,
  • Dalia Abdelmonam,
  • Katarina Nisser,
  • Gunilla Hägg,
  • Terence Seemungal,
  • Fallon Lutchmansingh,
  • Liane Conyette,
  • Myriam Denguezli,
  • Hager Daldoul,
  • Zaki Boukheroufa,
  • Firas Chouikha,
  • Wahbi Belhaj Khalifa,
  • Attila Hancioglu,
  • Ismail Hanta,
  • Sedat Kuleci,
  • Ahmet Sinan Turkyilmaz,
  • Sema Umut,
  • Turgay Unalan,
  • Peter GJ Burney,
  • Hadia Azar,
  • Caron Amor,
  • Michael Tumilty,
  • Risha Dudhaiya,
  • A Sonia Buist,
  • Mary Ann McBurnie,
  • William M Vollmer,
  • Suzanne Gillespie,
  • Sean Sullivan,
  • Todd A Lee,
  • Kevin B Weiss,
  • Robert L Jensen,
  • Robert Crapo,
  • Paul Enright,
  • John Cain,
  • Rebecca Copeland,
  • Dana Hazen,
  • Jennifer Methvin,
  • Rana Ahmed,
  • Ewa Niżankowska-mogilnicka,
  • Sullian S Naval,
  • Jin-Ping Zheng,
  • Gunnar Gudmundsson,
  • Ben Knox-Brown,
  • Dhiraj Agarwal,
  • M Al Hajjaj,
  • L Safia,
  • Namarig Mohamed Elhassan,
  • Marwa Mohamed Mohamaden,
  • Sanjay K Juvekar,
  • Stefanni Nonna M Paraguas,
  • Anders Ørskov Rotevatn,
  • Alexandra SchwedaLinow,
  • Talant M. Sooronbaev,
  • Bermet M. Estebesova,
  • GJ Wesseling,
  • MariaTeresita N Reyes,
  • Flordeliza Sanchez,
  • MAl Ghobain,
  • Hasab Alrasoul Akasha Ahmed Osman,
  • Abdel Mu’is El Zain,
  • Ulrike SpetzNystrom,
  • GunMarie Lund

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002442
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 1

Abstract

Read online

Introduction Previous population-based studies, mainly from high-income countries, have shown that a higher forced vital capacity (FVC) is associated with a lower risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between spirometry measures and the onset of cardiometabolic diseases across sites in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries.Methods The study population comprised 5916 individuals from 15 countries participating in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease baseline and follow-up assessments. Postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FVC and FEV1/FVC were measured at baseline. Participants who reported having doctor-diagnosed hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and stroke at follow-up but not at baseline were considered new cases of these diseases. The association between lung function and the onset of participant-reported cardiometabolic diseases was assessed in each site using regression models, and estimates were combined using random effects meta-analysis. Models were adjusted for sex, age, smoking, body mass index and educational level.Results Participants with greater per cent predicted FVC were less likely to have new-onset diabetes (OR per 10%=0.91, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.99), heart disease (OR per 10%=0.86, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.92) and stroke (OR per 10%=0.81, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.89) during the follow-up period (mean±SD 9.5±3.6 years). A greater percentage of FEV1 was associated with a lower risk of onset of heart disease and stroke. No significant association was found between FEV1/FVC and onset of reported cardiometabolic diseases, except for a higher risk of diabetes (OR per 10%=1.21, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.35) in participants with higher FEV1/FVC.Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that a low FVC is more important than a low FEV1/FVC as a risk factor for developing cardiometabolic diseases. The value of including FVC in risk score models to improve their precision in predicting the onset of cardiometabolic diseases should be explored.