The therapeutic effect of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 delivered by an electrospun scaffold for hyperglycemia and nephrotic disorders

Abstract

Cai Yong,2,* Zhengxin Wang,1,* Xing Zhang,3 Xiaomin Shi,1 Zhijia Ni,1 Hong Fu,1 Guoshan Ding,1 Zhiren Fu,1 Hao Yin1,3 1Department of Surgery, Organ Transplant Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA *These authors contributed equally to this article Abstract: Here, we investigated in diabetic mice the therapeutic effect of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), locally delivered by an electrospun scaffold, on transplanted islets. This therapeutic scheme is expected to exert a synergistic effect to ameliorate hyperglycemia and its associated nephrotic disorders. The cumulative amount of MCP-1 released from the scaffold in vitro within a 3-week window was 267.77±32.18 ng, without a compromise in bioactivity. After 8 weeks following the transplantation, the islet population stimulated by MCP-1 was 35.14%±7.23% larger than the non-stimulated islet population. Moreover, MCP-1 increased concentrations of blood insulin and C-peptide 2 by 49.83%±5.29% and 43.49%±9.21%, respectively. Consequently, the blood glucose concentration in the MCP-1 group was significantly lower than that in the control group at week 2 post-surgery. MCP-1 also enhanced the tolerance of sudden oral glucose challenge. The rapid decrease of blood creatinine, urine creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen suggested that the recovery of renal functions compromised by hyperglycemia could also be attributed to MCP-1. Our study shed new light on a synergistic strategy to alleviate hyperglycemia and nephrotic disorders in diabetic patients. Keywords: MCP-1, electrospinning, islet transplantation, diabetes