Plant Antioxidants: Therapeutic Potential in Cardiovascular Diseases
Hilda Aguayo-Morales,
Joan Poblano,
Lia Berlanga,
Ileana Castillo-Tobías,
Sonia Yesenia Silva-Belmares,
Luis E. Cobos-Puc
Affiliations
Hilda Aguayo-Morales
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza S/N Esquina Con Ing, José Cárdenas Valdés, República Oriente, Saltillo 25290, Mexico
Joan Poblano
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza S/N Esquina Con Ing, José Cárdenas Valdés, República Oriente, Saltillo 25290, Mexico
Lia Berlanga
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza S/N Esquina Con Ing, José Cárdenas Valdés, República Oriente, Saltillo 25290, Mexico
Ileana Castillo-Tobías
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza S/N Esquina Con Ing, José Cárdenas Valdés, República Oriente, Saltillo 25290, Mexico
Sonia Yesenia Silva-Belmares
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza S/N Esquina Con Ing, José Cárdenas Valdés, República Oriente, Saltillo 25290, Mexico
Luis E. Cobos-Puc
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Boulevard Venustiano Carranza S/N Esquina Con Ing, José Cárdenas Valdés, República Oriente, Saltillo 25290, Mexico
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global health problem. The mortality associated with them is one of the highest. Essentially, CVDs occur when the heart or blood vessels are damaged. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (free radicals) and antioxidant defenses. Increased production of reactive oxygen species can cause cardiac and vascular injuries, leading to CVDs. Antioxidant therapy has been shown to have beneficial effects on CVDs. Plants are a rich source of bioactive antioxidants on our planet. Several classes of these compounds have been identified. Among them, carotenoids and phenolic compounds are the most potent antioxidants. This review summarizes the role of some carotenoids (a/β-carotene, lycopene and lutein), polyphenols such as phenolic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic and chlorogenic acids), flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol and epigallocatechin gallate), and hydroxytyrosol in mitigating CVDs by studying their biological antioxidant mechanisms. Through detailed analysis, we aim to provide a deeper understanding of how these natural compounds can be integrated into cardiovascular health strategies to help reduce the overall burden of CVD.
