Granì (Dec 2015)
Nativism as an element of ideology of far right political parties
Abstract
Current status of research on ideology of far right political parties is characterized. Cas Mudde’s approach to distinguishing the main elements of ideology of contemporary far right political parties is presented in details. The essence of the term «nativism» in the context of values and principles of far right political parties is identified and advantages and disadvantages of its usage in Ukrainian political science discourse are discussed. Main cases of nativism in the programs of contemporary far right political parties are demonstrated, in particular, their views on «us» versus «them». The attitude of far right political parties to multiculturalism and its implications is identified. On the basis of Mudde’s classification, three main groups of «enemies» as defined by far right political parties – Jews, Muslims and Roma – are distinguished and references to them in the programs of the far right political parties in Germany, Austria, France and Hungary are presented. The differences in treatment of enemies by Western European and Eastern European political parties are highlighted with the former considering the immigrants, in particular Muslims, as such, while the latter – ethnic minorities, living inside of the countries (most frequently – Roma communities). The threats, coming from such enemies – destruction of the sense of national identity and solidarity, abuse of state aid, increase of crime rates – are discussed.
